バングラデシュにおける1987年および1988年の洪水災害

Abstract

Bangladesh suffered, sequentially in 1987 and 1988, severe damages caused by the flooding ofits three major rivers, the Brahmaputra, Ganges and Meghna, and the stagnation of rainfall in thelow-lying areas. About 40 and 84 percent of the whole country were inundated, and 25 and 45 mil-lion people were affected, respectively, in 1987 and 1988. Death toll in each year is estimated to bemore than 1500.Based on our field study and data collection in December 1987 and April 1989, we inversti-gated the severe flood disaster from the aspects of meteorology, geomorphology, hydrology, riverengineering and sociology in order to contribute to planning the structural and non-structuralcountermeasures against the flood hazards. This paper summarizes the results of these investiga-tions, and mainly describes characteristics of hydrographs in the major rivers and inundation pro-cesses, the river channel process in the Brahmaputra, the damage to water works and living, andthe relief and rehabilitation activities during the 1987 and 1988 floods.