建築空間における災害時の人間行動と建築計画-1982年浦河沖地震住宅内滞在者の行動分析-

Abstract

Referring to the past studies and literature of the human behavior inarchitectural space under disastrous situations, the diversity of behavioral patternshas been reviewed denying the occurrence of "Panic Behavior". Behavior ofoccupants in the dwellings of Urakawa, Hokkaido, during the Off-UrakawaEarthquake of March 21 has been traced precisely. Actions taken by the 55 subjectsduring the peak ground motion lasted 45 seconds were grouped into 9 categories, most of which were for the prevention of human injury and physical damage. Thechoice of actions has been strongly influenced by social situations and roles definedby the relation with houses and other occupants. Wives were the most activeperformers among occupants and living rooms were the major stages for theiractions. Based on the behavioral characteristics, a design guide for the dwellings inactive seismic zone has been proposed which assigns living rooms to safe insiderefuge in and through which people can persue a series of responsible actionsexpected to conduct in earthquake situations.