スパルタの古制について

Abstract

Historically observed, the polis of Athens and that of Sparta were not always antipodal but resembled each other in various ways. They came to be different only through their international relations. In Sparta, poverty among the citizens was intensified under pressure from powerful families at home and aggressive powers abroad. Resistance against the foreign powers necessitated the organization of an army which, in turn, resulted in the rise of a common citizens' class and the birth of the Likurgan regime. In this connection, the author intends to describe the origin of the dual kingship, the distribution of land, and the establishment of the oligarchy.