狭域・短時間の可能最大降水量(PMP)推定手法に関する研究

Abstract

従来, 都市における水害の原因は台風と低気圧に伴う豪雨によるものが大半を占めていたが, 近年それらは相対的に減少し雷雨性の集中豪雨によるものが増加している.そこで本研究では, そのように都市の防災上重要となる狭域・短時間の可能最大降水量(PMP)の推定をColdRainも表現できる1次元積雲モデルを用い, 10分間のPMPとして80mmを物理的根拠を持って推定した.さらに, 得られたPMPを用いて確率雨量の評価も行った.

In urbanized areas, heavy rainfall in short periods of time and in small areas can potentially result in extreme damage.It is important, therefore to estimate the short duration PMP(Probable Maximum Precipitation) which takes heavy rainfall into consideration when planning for river management in or near urbanized areas.In this study, traditional methods for PMP estimation are reviewed, and a new method for short duration PMP estimation, which uses a one‐dimensional cumulonimbus model developed by Ferrier and Houze, is proposed. The 10 minutes PMP for an urbanized areas in the Kinki region is estimated using this method, for which a value of 80 mm was obtained.