言語の〈自立〉と社会 : ユーゴスラヴィア(SFRJ)崩壊から10年を経て

Abstract

After the collapse of Yugoslavia (SFRJ) the new independent republics of Croatia and Bosnia Hercegovina began to emphasize the authentic existence of their national languages, Croatian and Bosnian respectively. Even from the republic of Crna Gora (Montenegro), which stayed in the political framework of Yugoslavia as an alliance of Serbia, a movement arose to declare "the independence of language of Crna Gora (crnogorski ezik)." In this paper the author first briefly describes language problems in former Yugoslav countries and reexamines some characteristic aspects of language variations in Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia. Based on these facts the author analyses the process of language split in Serbo-Croatian with reference to sociolinguistic notions of 'independency', 'standardization', 'historicity' and 'vitality'.