キルギス語の使役文について

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the morphology and syntax of causative in Kyrgyz, a Turkic language spoken by about 2.4 million people living in Kyrgyz Republic. With a view to offer a brief survey of the Kyrgyz causative construction, the following topics are discussed : (i) causative suffixes and their distribution, i.e. which suffix attaches to a verb stem, and how a verb stem morphologically conditions the appearance of causative suffixes. (ii) case-marking in Kyrgyz causative construction, i.e. how the causer and causee are marked in the causative of intransitive, also in the causative of transitive, as well as in the double causative construction. (iii) reflexive use of causative. Especially in (ii) the causative of transitive, the conditions of double-dative causative and double-accusative causative are also discussed. In the section 4, I demonstrate the semantic difference between two distinct causative forms derived from a verb stem. The causative suffixes -dïr- and -gïz- (with vowel harmony variants) are used with some verb stems providing causative pairs whose members differ in meaning. I show four patterns of difference in meaning of the causative pairs.