現代日本語の「～ぱなし」とアスペクト的意味 : 動詞の意味論への予備的考察として

Abstract

In the studies of modern Japanese, aspectual meanings have been mainly researched by classifying verbs depending on the co-occurrence restrictions and their derivative meanings. However, there are two serious problems with this method : (1) if this method is correct, we would be able to classify all of the verbs accordingly, but there still remains many irregularities to be explained, and (2) there is no agreeable analysis of multiple affiliations of many verbs. To analyze the aspectual meanings and to interpret them in terms of communication, Konishi (1997) introduces the concept of "types of events." The aim of this paper is to describe the meanings of the Japanese suffix "-ppanasi" with this concept and to show how these interpretations are derived through the interaction with verbs, adverbial phrases, and other expressions. In section 1, "topic + -ppanasi da" sentences are discussed. There are three main aspectual meanings, depending on their relative events. [Table omitted] Each sentence describes the following phases : (a) the resultant state after switching on the light (core or inner event), (b) the progressive state of walking (outer event), and (c) the state of neglection of the child after playing (whole event). In section 2, "-ppanasi de" phrase are discussed. There are two aspectual meanings, depending on their main clauses. [Table omitted] In (d), the "-ppanasi de" phrase describes the background (or situation) of the event represented in the main clause. On the other hand, the "-ppanasi de" phrase in (e) refers to a period of time within the main event, and hence describes accompaniment. Through these examinations of the suffix "-ppanasi, " two conclusions can be made : both constructions must be analyzed not with the static classification of verbs, but with the dynamic communicative concept : types of verbs, and verbs contribute to (the utterances of) the discourse, not by constructing the aspectual meanings as the most basic component, but by only providing the lexical meanings to the aspectual frames, which are independent of verbs, for the interpretation of the discourse.