ロシア所蔵チベット語袖珍本について(1)

Abstract

XT-67 is a Tibetan block-printed book from Khara-Khoto belonging to the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences. Owing to its specific style, the book has been discussed in some preceding studies, however these have not elaborated on the detailed particulars. XT-67 consists of three Buddhist sutras. The first sutra (hereafter referred to as "XT67a") extends from the first frame (the right half of the original second folio) to the left half of the 13th frame (the left half of the original 27th folio). The author identified it as a kind of Nīlakantha. In the Tibetan Buddhist Canons, this is almost equivalent to "'phags pa spyan ras gzigs dbang phyug thugs rje chen po'i gzungs phan yon mdor bsdus pa zhes bya ba" (in Tibetan) or "Mahākārunika-nāmā-āryaavalokiteśvara-dhāranī anuśamsa-sahita-sūtrāt samgrhītā" (in Sanskrit) : ・ Peking edition : 8 (380) tsa 39b7-43a6 (40a1-b1, 40b6-41a5, 42b1-6) ・ sDe-dge edition : 6 (723) tsa 201b3-204a7 (201b4-202a3, 202a6-b5, 203b2-204a2)・It also corresponds to an abbreviated version of 千手千眼観世音菩薩広大円満無礙大悲心陀羅尼経 in the Chinese Buddhist Canon (Taisho 20 : No. 1060). This paper presents the full text of XT67a with annotations and translations. Its linguistic characteristics are also considered in the context of the history of the Tibetan language because the aspects of the language in the period when XT-67 was printed are unknown. This paper proves that the book is demonstrative of the transitional phase between Old Tibetan and Classical Tibetan. It basically follows the norm of Classical Tibetan, but it also retains some characteristics of the earlier stage : for example, the reversed i, palatalized m (my-), unassimilated enclitics, a few words, and the style of spelling.