漢語對基諾語的影響 : 語法方面

Abstract

Jino is a Lolo-Burmese language (Tibeto-Burman), spoken in Yunnan Province, China. The population of Jino is about 20, 000. Jino has two dialects : Youle and Buyuan. In this paper, I report the linguistic influence of Chinese on Youle dialect of Jino, mainly focusing on grammatical borrowings. Jino speakers, especially those who are below forty years of age, can speak two languages : Jino and Yunnan dialect of Chinese. Jino vocabulary has borrowed many Chinese and Daic (Tai Lü) loanwords. Also it has been seen that the grammar of Yunnan Chinese has been affecting that of Jino. The main conclusions are as follows : 1. The basic structure of Jino grammar has not yet been affected by Yunnan Chinese. However, there are word order problems in the peripheral grammatical structures (complex clauses, donkey sentences, classifiers, etc). 2. Word order problem which is considered as a kind of language contact phenomena in Achang and Tujia, seems to be similar to Jino.