南宋大軍兵士の給與錢米について : 生券・熟券問題と關連して

Abstract

The Ta-chun was the locus of armed military strength for the maintenance of the Southern Sung government. This essay will investigate the wages paid to the soldiers in the Ta-chun and will attempt to advance our understanding of the Ta-chun. First, in the analysis of wages, we shall be looking at such issues as the following : (a) the standard for the wage was made up of a basic wage and an incremental one ； (b) a daily wage was the norm ；(c) the amount of the wage was generally in excess of that paid to soldiers of other divisions of the armed forces ； and (d) during military campaigns, the incremental wage was paid and there were changes in its size. Secondly, in connection with this incremental wage, we shall investigate the sheng-ch'ien and the shu-ch'ien based on the work of Professor Abe Takeo 安部健夫, and we shall be looking at such issues as the following : (a)the sheng-ch'ien was related to the incremental wage paid during military campaigns, and the basic wage was paid separately to one's family ； and (b) in order to make reductions in incremental wages during military campaigns there was an arrangement to convert fighting soldiers into billeted soldiers and the shu-ch'ie was related to wages paid to billeted soldiers. We shall also present a view of the sheng-ch'ien and shu-ch'ien soldiers. In sum we can say that the Southern Sung government was able to resist the onslaught from the north for over a century because of the existence of the Ta-chun.