チベット文化の核とアイデンティティー

Abstract

チベット文化の核心を取り出すなら, チューすなわちインドでいうダルマを筆頭に, 言語, 及び風土性(土地と生活様式)の3つこそ最重要と考えることができる. 生活様式や言語, アイデンティティー, 政体などに見られた地域的多様性・分裂と広域的統一など, チベット文化地域にみられた文化と政治の歴史地理は, 生活空間の基本単位である谷の等質性と地理的分散とを基礎に, 住民自身の文化的アイデンティティーのあり方や, チュー・スィー・スムデと呼ばれた教政一体の理念の顕れ方などから, 最も適切な理解が可能と考えられる.

In history of a geographic region called "Tibet", both regional split-up and some broad spatial unity have been observed in respects of life-style, language, cultural-identity, and polity. These historico-geographic phenomena occurred in Tibet can be properly understood from following notice. Firstly, the basic unit of living space for the Tibetans is a small river valley which is distributed in numerous numbers on the Tibetan plateau with very homogenous character. Secondly, the inmost core of traditional Tibetan culture can be understood as a unity of three essential elements, i.e. "chos", "language", and "land and life-style". Thirdly, cultural identity of its residents and way of realization of an idea called "chos srid zung'brel", which directed traditional combination of religion with polity in specific ways, were crucially important.