高所住民における食多様性と健康度との関連 : 青海省・ラダークにおける市街部と郡部での比較

Abstract

Objective: Food diversity has been studied as one of the important health-related factors. However, the effect of environmental differences on the relation between food diversity and health status remains unclear. Aim of this study is to reveal the relations between food diversity and health status of elderly highlanders, both in urban and rural settings in Qinghai plateau in China, and Ladakh in India. Methods: The study population consisted of; Qinghai YuShu (urban):191, Qinghai Haiyuan(rural): 64, Ladakh Leh (urban): 127, Ladakh Domkhar (rural): 115 elderly subjects aged 60 years or more who joined the medical survey. Food diversity was determined using an 11-item Food Diversity Score Kyoto (FDSK-11). Health status including Activities of daily living (ADL), screening-based depression and quality of life (QOL) were interviewed. Results: FDSK-11 score were; YuShu:7.9, Haiyuan:7.4, Leh:6.7, Domkhar:6.4. Both in Qinghai and Ladakh, ADL were significantly lower in the elderly with lower food diversity than those with higher diversity, both in urban and rural settings. However, the significant relations between lower QOL and lower food diversity were seen only in urban settings, and not in rural ones both in Qinghai and Ladakh. Lower food diversity was significantly related to depressive mood in urban area, but not in rural ones both in Qinghai and Ladakh. Conclusion: We found the urban-rural differences on food diversity and its relations to health status, and which were the same phenomenon in two different highland settings.