下刈作業の能率に関する研究

Abstract

下刈作業が行なわれる場の諸種の条件を主成分解析法によって整理し, その各主成分と作業者3名, 手刈り, 肩掛け式下刈機, 背負い式下刈機の3つの方法を実験因子として, それらが下刈作業の能率やその他2, 3の側面にどのような影響を与えるかということを実験的に調べた。その結果, 実働時間と余裕率によって表わされる能率に対しては, 木本ブッシュの量と土壌水分が大きな影響を与えること, 背負い式下刈機による作業が時間的にはもっとも早く, 手刈作業の所要時間に対して約20％の時間短縮ができることなどがわかった。また, その反面, 背負い式機械は背負い式であるがゆえの欠点も多く, 作業者にきらわれる要素も多分に有しているようであった。

This is an experimental study on the character of the weeding work. Natural conditions of weeding places in the forest differ case by case. That variety of working places was rearranged into principal components by component analysis, and three workmen and three kinds of machines (handwork by scythe, portable weeding machine of shoulder type, and that of "carry on back" type) were taken up as experimental factors to compare. Then how several components of the weeding work behavior were influenced by natural conditions expressed by those principal components and how the characters of workmen and the kinds of machines affected the efficiency of weeding work were analysed. The results said that the rapidity of work expressed by actual working time and rate of nescessary spare time had been influenced by quantity of bush and moisture content of soil and that the weeding with machine of "carry on back" type had been most rapid, which had been possible to reduce the nescessary working time about 20% than the work by hand. And that the "carry on back" machine had several defects at the same time due to that it was of "carry on back" type, which would be disliked by workers.