<論文>文化遺産保存の場における記憶のダイナミクス : 社会学的記憶論の再検討を通じて

Abstract

As it is often said, we can keep the memory of the past alive by preserving cultural heritages. However, there are two kinds of memories. One is voluntarily constructed, while the other one is involuntarily recalled. Research in the sociology of memory so far has given little attention to the latter, while focusing on the former. The present article aims at throwing light upon the latter kind of memory (la memoire involontaire). It is necessary to distinguish the difference between these two kinds of memories when we discuss cultural heritage preservation. This paper first reviews the sociology of memory represented by Maurice Halbwachs' study of "collective memory". Halbwachs laid the basis of the sociology of memory, but he limited the debate to "constructed" memory, dismissing the problem of la memoire involontaire as just an abstract image. Therefore, this paper attempts to reconsider the latter by referring to Walter Benjamin's discussion of memory and experience in modern society. Secondly, by taking Japan as a case study, I will show how la memoire involontaire relates to material things that arouse public interest in ruined buildings in recent times. Finally, I will point out the significance of the dynamic relation between these two types of memory in cultural heritage preservation.