災害から学ぶ --2015年3月バヌアツ共和国を襲ったサイクロンパム--

Abstract

This report summarizes the findings on the local knowledge in the Republic of Vanuatu, especially in Tanna island, for cyclone disaster mitigation based on the two surveys after Cyclone Pam and the following study. The main findings are: (1) many of constructions built with materials locally available were reconstructed within a month after the cyclone event, whereas the reconstruction of constructions partially or totally built with industrial materials tends to be slower especially in remote areas including Tanna island; (2) people evacuated in the face of the approaching cyclone in accordance with early warning and evacuation messages transmitted through radio or SMS ? without relying on advanced technology such as smart phones or internet; (3) there exist vernacular constructions, called Nimulaten, that are used as cyclone shelters in events of cyclone; and (4) the design of Nimulaten seems to have been improved based on past cyclone experiences, and Nimulatens with standard design may be capable to resist strong wind up to 20 m/s in terms of sustained wind speed at the height of their roofs. These findings lead to a conclusion that local disaster mitigation measures should not be underestimated and these should be more utilized and advanced to facilitate the realization of disaster risk reductions in economically developing countries.