<研究ノート>カム地域のアムドチベット語・道孚県色上下[gSerkha] 方言の音声記述

Abstract

本稿では中国四川省甘孜藏族自治州道孚県色上下郷で話されるアムドチベット語gSerkha 方言の音体系を提示し、その音声記述を行うことで、同方言がもつ特徴を明らかにする。この記述を通して、以下のような音体系上の特徴が指摘できる。子音については、単子音としての口蓋垂音/qh, q/が認められる点、子音連続の組み合わせが７組存在する点、および末子音に/k/と/q/の対立が認められる点がある。母音については、広母音に/a, a, 5/の対立を有する点がある。また、声調による対立を形成しない。This paper presents a phonetic description of the gSerkha dialect of Amdo Tibetan, spoken in Seka Village, Daofu County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. Seka Village is a nomadic area mainly inhabited by pastoralists, who speak a variety of Amdo Tibetan. It belongs to Khams region in the traditional Tibetan geography, and the identity of the inhabitants is also Khams-pa "Khams people." Varieties of Khams Tibetan are also spoken in the areas surrounding Seka Village, thus the gSerkha dialect have experienced a long-term language contact with Khams Tibetan. Amdo Tibetan spoken in this area was officially recorded in 1950s, but the materials are not available, hence the phonological aspect of the dialect is still unknown. The description of the gSerkha dialect is necessary for an analysis of the historical development of the surrounding Khams Tibetan dialects. For this sake, the phonological system must be clarified. The analysis shows: the existence of uvulars /qh, q/ at the initial position and a distinction between /k/ and /q/ at the final position on the consonants; the exsitence of a distinction between /a/, /a/, and /5/; no tonal contrasts.