<論説>師団の立地と遊廓移転をめぐる地域社会と市政 --日露戦後期の豊橋市の場合--

Abstract

平時における軍隊の立地と遊廓との関係性を解明するため、日露戦後期に愛知県豊橋市で起きた遊廓移転問題を研究対象とする。豊橋市では、大口喜六市長が師団の誘致に成功すると、市街地中心部にあった遊廓を、市費を投じて東郊に移転させる計画を立て、貸座敷業者や反市長系会派の反対を制して実施に移した。次いで市長は、師団と共存しうる都市に改造するための道路整備事業を推進するが、これは、停車場・兵営・新遊廓の三点を結ぶことが目的となっていた。新遊廓では、貸座敷業態の比率が高かった地区から移転してきた業者らが中心となって組合を組織し、他市から移転してきた業者らを組み込みながら、廓内の秩序を形成していった。以上の豊橋市の事例は、平時の軍隊と遊廓との関係性を論じるにあたり、軍隊と共存して地域振興を図ろうとする地元首長や議員らの動向を重視する必要性があることを示している。

This paper takes up the case of the stationing of the Fifteenth Infantry Division during the period of military expansion after the Russo-Japanese War in Toyohashi City in Aichi Prefecture in order to clarify the relationship between the garrisoning of an infantry division and the redlight district during peacetime and analyzes the problem of relocation of the red-light district that occurred there as a result. When the mayor successfully induced the division to move to Toyohashi, he devised a plan to move the red-light district from the city center to the outskirts at public expense, and he pushed through his plan against the wishes of the brothel owners and his political opponents. Next, the mayor promoted a project to improve city streets for urban renewal so the city could co-exist with the division; the goal being to link three sites, the garrison, the new red-light district, and the railway yard. In the red-light district, it was mainly the brothel owners who had moved from the district where the density of brothels was relatively high who formed an association and they enlisted those who moved in from other areas into the organization to maintain order in the red-light district. Judging from the case of Toyohashi, I argue the necessity of emphasizing the actions of the mayor and city councilmen who planned to revive their region in concert with the military when arguing the relationship between the military and red-light districts.