<研究ノート>ブラジルの国家共通カリキュラム基礎（Base Nacional Comum Curricular(BNCC)）における幼児教育: そこに掲げられる子どもの学ぶ権利・学習と発達の目標

Abstract

In Brazil, the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC: Base Nacional Comum Curricular) was created in 2017, providing a national common standard for early childhood education (ECE). The purpose of this paper is to clarify the content of ECE in BNCC through its translation. The BNCC shows what to learn in basic education (ECE, primary education, secondary education). However, it is not legally enforceable but is a norm that guarantees a common level of learning for all children. The BNCC has six rights to learn in ECE: (1) living together, (2) playing, (3) participating, (4) exploring, (5) expressing, and (6) knowing oneself. To guarantee these learning rights and skill development, the following five experience areas are set; (1) Lines, sounds, colors, shapes, (2) I, others, us, (3) Bodies, gestures, movements, (4) Listening, speaking, thinking, imagining, (5) Space, time, quantity, relationships, transformation. Based on these rights to learn and experience areas, the child's developmental stages are divided into three, and learning and development goals are set for each group. Through the analysis, the following two points can be noted regarding ECE in Brazil. One is that not the educational goal, that is, what should be achieved, but the children's right to learn, that is, what should be guaranteed is the core. The other is that ECE is positioned within the framework of basic education, with the aim of pluralistically developing children and developing their abilities, which is explained as a concept of “comprehensive education (educação integral).”