コミュニケーションと倫理学 (下) (特集 : 「始源の思索」)

Abstract

The last half of this paper begins by taking up theories of Simmel, Malinowski, Oakeshott as examples of the positions that focus on conversation in daily life. Their theories regard ordinary conversation as "self-purposive" or "autotelic" communication and distinguished from the communication with extrinsic purposes such as consensus building or inquiry into truth. They not only point out that such a conversation has its own intrinsic purposes, but also argue that this nature of conversation shows such self-purposiveness as the nature of conversation is one of the most fundamental characteristics of communication in general. Then, I go on to take up Davidson's arguments based on the concepts of the "Radical Interpretation" and the "Principle of Charity" as the philosophical theory most suitable for such real aspects of conversational communication. In particular I examine Davidson's discussion on "malapropism". Davidson avoids the difficulties associated with so-called the "Code Model" on communication by denying the inevitability of conventions in communication, and even overcome the "Transmission Model" in which success in communication depends on the representation of speaker's intentions by the hearer. At this point, it is confirmed that communication is carried out within bounded rationality.