Critical Behaviors of Asymmetric Granular Maxwell’s Demon Phenomenon

Abstract

We theoretically derived the critical behaviors of the asymmetric granular Maxwell’s demon phenomenon by introducing a symmetry-breaking parameter. This symmetry breaking can be realized experimentally by forming an angle between the vibration and vertical directions. The values of the conventional critical exponents β, γ, and δ were determined, and they satisfied Widom’s scaling relation. In addition, the scaling function was calculated using asymptotic expansion, which was consistent with the numerical simulation.