<調査報告>学部留学生が直面する困難、対処方略、必要とするサポート --京都大学iUP からの知見--

Abstract

本稿では、京都大学で実施されている学部留学生プログラム（Kyoto iUP）で学ぶ留学生の直面する困難、困難への対処方略、必要とするサポートを、インタビュー調査を通して明らかにし、留学生の支援策について論じた。具体的には、留学生が講義聴解や日本人との会話における即時的なやり取り、日本人との関係構築に難しさを感じていること、この背後には留学生の日本語力不足だけでなくホスト側の日本語使用の配慮不足や交流に関する意識の問題もあるため、日本語の支援だけでなくホスト側の異文化交流意識の涵養も求められること、留学生は人的サポートを特に重視しており、異文化対応に困難を感じた際には、同じ困難を共有するプログラム生や出身地といった繋がりが重要だと考えていることを論じた。また、人的サポートの充実とコミュニティ構築の支援が重要だが、支援と自律性の涵養の適度なバランスと、コミュニティの先輩や成員がときに留学生の長期的な視野の欠如をもたらし得る点に留意が必要であることも指摘した。

This paper examines the challenges faced by international exchange students enrolled in the international undergraduate program at Kyoto University (Kyoto iUP). Through interview surveys, it elucidates the difficulties encountered, coping strategies employed, and support required by these students. Specifically, it reveals that international students experience difficulties in interacting with Japanese individuals during lectures and conversations, as well as in building relationships with them. These challenges are partly attributable to the limited language skills of international students. They are also attributable to Japanese people’s inadequate use of Japanese and lack of intercultural skills. This suggests that nurturing cultural exchange awareness within the host community is as essential as providing Japanese-language support. The study highlights the emphasis that international students place on human support and their belief that connections such as sharing similar challenges with program peers or having common hometowns are crucial when facing difficulties related to intercultural adaptation. While it is important to enhance human support and community- building assistance, a balanced approach must also be struck between support and autonomy cultivation. Additionally, advice from seniors or other community members can deter international students’ long-term perspective.