唐朝󠄁の羈縻政策に關する一考察 -- 唐前󠄁半󠄁期の營州都督府隸下「羈縻府州」を事例として--

Abstract

The image of the Tang Dynasty indirectly governing non-Chinese tribes who had submitted to the Tang by making their leaders local governors, a position that became inherited, is based on the description in the Xin Tangshu. Yet, does this image really portray the form of control in general during the Tang dynasty? As a result of the increasing number of studies using epitaphs conducted in the 21st century, we need to re-examine the situation of the control of the non-Chinese tribes by the Tang government. Currently, there are more than 12, 500 Tang-dynasty epitaphs available for study. Among these, we can use at least 47 epitaphs that are related to Jimizhou 羈縻州. The study of the Tang Dynasty’s control of the non-Chinese tribes is facing great changes due to the use of these epitaphs. For example, we know that Zhechongfu 折衝府were established in the Jimizhou, and it has been pointed out that Han officials may have served there. Furthermore, Wang Yikang 王義康has also pointed out that Tang Dynasty sent bureaucrats from the central government to Jimizhou to participate in their governance. We are now at the stage of completely reexamining the traditional image of the Tang Dynasty’s control of the non-Chinese tribes and Jimizhou. However, at this stage, it is not yet possible to give a complete overview on the Tang Dynasty’s policy of control over the non-Chinese tribes and the Jimizhou. Therefore, this paper first surveys the history of the Jimizhou in Yingzhou and the state of the stone inscriptions concerning it. Next, it points out that Zhechongfu were established in the Jimizhou of the Qidan契丹and Mohe 靺鞨in Yingzhou and surmises their locations. It then points out that there were both Han and non-Han bureaucrats in the offices of the Jimizhou. It also clarifies that the Jimizhou in Yingzhou did not consist of a single ethnic group.