中国の請負農地配分に関する一考察

Abstract

Contract lands were equally allocated among farm households according to the number of family members under self responsibility household system in rural China. The purpose of this paper is to discuss about the method of equal allocation of contract lands and test the equality of allocation statistically. Equality of contract land allocation is realized by classification of land fertility and determination by lot. First, village committee evaluated objectively whole village lands and classified these into 3 groups, that is, upper grade land, middle grade land and lower grade land. After that two types of lot are adopted. One is family lot and the other is individual lot. Family lot means that family draws a lot among land groups which include 3 grade lands equally. Individual lot means that individual draws a lot among each grade of lands. Anyhow, equality can be realized by lot. Equality of contract land allocation can be tested by regression from number of family members to land acreage of each household. In order to compute this regression, we use the results of fixed observation survey of each farm households done by Research Center of Rural Economy. Equality of allocation can be supported by the results of this regression. In addition, we test equality of the food land allocation and the responsibility land allocation by regression. In computed results, some villages where equality is not realized can be found. As for two-land system, equality is not necessarily supported.