2007ソロモン諸島地震津波災害(4月2日)の被害と社会の対応

Abstract

2007年4月2日午前7時40分頃(現地時間)，ソロモン諸島国においてマグニチュード8.1の巨大地震が発生した(USGS, 2007)。この斜面崩壊と津波により，両州合わせて52名の死者が発生し，倒壊・流失家屋3, 150棟，被災世帯数4, 276世帯，被災人口24, 059人という大きな被害が発生した。本稿では，ソロモン諸島国ウェスタン州で発生した地震津波災害における1)被害の社会的様相，2)災害対応，3)復旧・復興対策の現状と課題などの災害過程の社会科学的側面について，現地でのインタビュー調査に基づき報告する。

On April 2, 2007(local time at epicenter), massive earthquake of the magnitude of 8.1 occurred at the western part of Solomon Islands. The devastative tsunami due to the earthquake struck numerous islands, and slope failures occurred at many place near the epicenter. The tsunami and slope failures killed 52 people, affected more than 300 villages. 24, 000 displaced people had been living at inland higher place being afraid of tsunamis for 2 months. This paper summarizes the societal aspects of the disaster such as responses and recovery processes reporting the result of field survey. In this event, newly-immigrated people, children, administration officials and medical staffs were distinctively affected. Immigrated people have severe difficulties to rehabilitate their lives and community.