インドと中国における大学入学者選抜制度 : 現状と改革動向の比較的分析

Abstract

India and China have some social and economic contexts in common. For example, both countries with huge population gradually acquire greater economic influence over the world. The two countries need a large number of human resources for the growth and place special emphasis on education. So, these governments also need to have good systems for the selection of excellent students who would go on to universities, which train their skills. This study is aimed at investigating the university entrance examination systems and the recent reforms in the two countries and particularly revealing the points of common, through comparative analysis of them. As a result, it was found that the two countries have five similar features of the systems, though fundamentally having different educational systems. First, the two countries basically make use of examinations on paper as a way of the selection. Second, they consider the relatively uniform examination system as having limits of good selections. Third, they try to introduce some ways of new assessment for entrance to universities, in addition to examinations on paper. Fourth, the examinations needed for entrance to universities are generally conducted by each the local government. Fifth, a part of universities tend to have common entrance examinations, especially in case of having similar academic levels or fields.