ラダーク3地域の主観的QOLの比較 : うつ症状と幸福度に着目して

Abstract

【目的】生活環境が全く異なるレー・ドムカル・チャンタンに住む高齢者のうつ症状, QOLの実態とこれら2つの関連を明らかにした. 【方法】対象者は50歳以上の男女で, レーでは227名, ドムカル198名, チャンタン130名であった. うつ症状はGDS-15を採用し, 主観的QOLはVASを使用し健康度, 家族関係, 友人関係, 経済的満足度, 幸福度を測定した. 3地域のQOL, GDSの平均値を比較し, 幸福度とGDS各項目との関連を検討した. 【結果・結論】うつ症状はチャンタンが最も有意に低かった. QOLでは友人関係は3地域で有意差が認められず, 健康度, 経済的満足度, 幸福度はレーが最も有意に低かった. GDS項目別にみると, チャンタンではレー, ドムカルに比べても生活に対する空虚や不安といったうつ症状が明らかに低かった. いずれの地域においても, 幸福度とGDSによるうつ症状の多さとは, 負の相関が認められた. 3地域では幸福の関連要因は異なった. これには自然環境や都市化の度合い, それに伴う地域のつながりの違いも少なからず影響していると考えられる

【Aim】The aim of this study was to compare the association between 15 item of geriatric depression scale and quantitative subjective quality of life assessed by visual analogue scale among the elderly living in the three regions in Ladakh in India. 【Method】Study subjects consisted of 227 participants in medical check in Leh, 198 in Domkhar, 130 in Changthang. All subjects were aged 50 years or more. Depressive status was assessed using GDS-15. Subjective QOLs (health status, family relationship, friendship, financial satisfaction, happiness) were assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS). 【Result】Depressive status in Changthang was significantly lowest among the three regions. QOL scores in Leh were significantly lowest among the regions except for friendship. People in Leh or Domkhar had higher prevalence of depressive symptoms especially answered "yes"to negative questions compared with those in Changthang. All regions had a negative correlation between GDS scores and subjective happiness. But the individual GDS-questions associated with subjective happiness were different among people in the three regions. The differences might be brought about by socio economic globalism including connection with community and natural environment.