胡適の国語教育改革論に関する一考察 -近代中国における白話文・国語運動に焦点をあてて-

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to explore the language education theory of Hu Shih(1891-1962), focusing on the modern vernacular Chinese movement. Hu Shih's theory of vernacular Chinese and literary innovation have played a critical role in the development of language education in China since 1917. This paper examines "freedom of thought and liberation of spirit", a literary reform that Hu Shih organized. He was standing in the position of being opposed to "formalism". By asserting "literature of language, language of literature, " Hu Shih tried to connect living literature in vernacular Chinese to the formation process of living language. Furthermore, Hu Shih has contributed not only to the theory of literature and language education but also to the policy and practice of language education reform. Accordingly, "Freedom of thought and liberation of spirit" in the modern vernacular Chinese movement for which Hu has aimed is embodied in the purpose and teaching methods of language education in secondary education. Hu Shih questioned the lack of logic in classical Chinese literature, and aimed to improve students' logical thinking and imagination in literature.