オランダにおける自己評価ツール ZEBO の意義と限界 -学校の自己評価を充実させる試み-

Abstract

A key feature of the Dutch education system—guaranteed under article 23 of the constitution—is freedom of education (i.e., the freedom to found schools, organize teaching, and determine operating principles). This paper discusses the significance and limits of the school self-evaluation instrument ZEBO (Zelfevaluatie Basisonderwijs in Dutch; self-evaluation in primary education) in the Netherlands. ZEBO is designed to measure school process indicators, with school effectiveness and school improvement research as the conceptual background. It was developed as a direct result of evaluation studies that noted a general lack of attention to the reliability and validity of school self-evaluation instruments in the Netherlands. This study provides general information on the ZEBO project and its theoretical basis. In addition, it describes the content of the instrument in detail. Finally, it shows that ZEBO is suggestive as a useful tool for school self-evaluation, but, at the same time, it is limited from the perspective of autonomous school improvement under freedom of education because it is based on school effectiveness and school improvement research.