インドの大学教員資格における博士号の位置づけ －アカデミックな称号と大学教員資格との関係に着目して－

Abstract

Recently, a Ph.D. has become the minimum qualification for appointment to academic professions in many countries due to the increasing number of people with degrees. However, the Ph.D. is still not so common in India. Thus the University Grants Commission (UGC) established regulations regarding minimum qualifications for academic professions, including appointment, since the 1990s in India. This study was performed to examine importance of a Ph.D. in India, focusing on the relationship with UGC's minimum qualifications for appointment of academic professions. Candidates could be considered for an assistant professor position only if they could pass an eligibility test after obtaining a master's degree. Therefore, passing the test has been a main stream to become an assistant professor, in comparison with getting a Ph.D. for long time in India. However, the "UGC Regulation, 2009" determined the process of a Ph.D. course and admitted those with a Ph.D. for appointment as assistant professors. Taking the above points into consideration, a Ph.D. has not been important as a minimum qualification for appointment of academic professions, but "UGC Regulation, 2009" made a Ph.D. the degree that certifies training as a researcher to a certain standard.