幼児期記憶とその連想記憶における想起視点

Abstract

In recalling a memory, two perspectives are possible. In any given scene, we may see ourselves from our own perspective (internal viewpoint) or from another's perspective (external viewpoint). This study investigated perspectives in early and associated memories. One hundred and sixteen students participated individually. They were asked to fill in a questionnaire and post it in a box. The results showed that early memories were more likely to be recalled from an external viewpoint; memories recalled from external viewpoints were highly objective and pleasurable, while memories recalled from internal viewpoints were vivid, frightening, and unpleasant. For associated memories, more events were recalled from internal viewpoints. Moreover, there was a pattern with respect to association. Early memories recalled from external viewpoints were more likely to be associated with memories recalled from external viewpoints, while early memories recalled from internal viewpoints were more likely to be associated with memories recalled from internal viewpoints. The former pattern was more likely to involve early events, while the latter pattern more often involved recalled events from the primary school period.