アメリカにおけるNo Child Left Behind Act制定後の言語マイノリティにたいする教育の実態 : カリフォルニア州・サンフランシスコ統合学区におけるバイリンガル教育の取り組みに焦点をあてて

Abstract

Owing to the advancement of globalization, many countries' population has changed. Language minority students (LM3) represent a large and growing school age population in the United States, and they fail disproportionately when compared to white students. The improvement of these students' academic achievement is the key concept under the new federal education law. This paper analyses the education for LMS through its illustration in San Francisco Unified School District under the implementation and impact of The Federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). This law is a reorganization of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and designed to help educating LM3 in schools all over the United States. The redesign of the 1965 Act had many issues to deal with. They related to education autonomy of the states, local school districts j and individual students and parents. This paper examines how the school district and schools attempt to overcome these issues and address to close the achievement gap for students with limited English proficiency under NCLB, by studying a case of the practice of Language and Literacy Assessment Rubric (LALAR) in San Francisco Unified School District in California.