教養教育の理念における合意に向けて : B.A.キンバルの歴史研究を手がかりに

Abstract

In recent years, many universities reconstituted liberal education in Japan. They proposed the ideas of liberal education and investigated the environment of liberal education. In such situations, it is difficult to find out the role that pedagogy plays in the study of liberal education. To clarify, we consider the methodology, mainly on making consensus of studying the idea of liberal education and focus on Kimball, B.A. who studied the idea of liberal education from the historical point of view. In Orators & Philosophers, he discovered that since the time of ancient Greeks there were two ideas of liberal education, artes liberales and liberal-free. And he insisted that it is important to maintain balance between the two ideas. He further indicated that the idea of liberal-free has become the prevailing idea in America since the late 19c. So, he pointed out the necessity of re-recognizing the idea of artes liberales. However, in The Condition of American Liberal Education, he changed his insistence. He discusses the "pragmatic liberal education". In the latter half of 1980's, there was a raging discussion, which was called the "cultural war", about liberal education. He found the new idea of liberal education, and pragmatic liberal education came along. In this paper, I will examine the studies of methodology within the context of discussion of liberal education in America and consider the methodology, mainly on making consensus of the studying of liberal education in Japan.