演劇俳優の熟達化と役・俳優・観客の視点の役割

Abstract

Fields of experts range from fields in which many experts are to fields in which there are few experts. Common findings from many investigations in different fields, as well as specific findings limited to certain fields have been identified. Nevertheless, expertise in art, particularly in acting, has remained relatively unexplored. This study focuses on the expertise of actors. I divided the process of acting into 3 phases: script reading, performance planning, and the actual performance. Anecdotal evidence indicates that highly experienced and good actors assume the viewpoint of the character, the actor, and the audience at the same time while acting. I proposed a model of three acting phases and effects of assuming the three viewpoints on the expertise of actors in each of the three phases. In performance planning, junior expert actors produced more action plans than script interpretations, and thought of them from the viewpoint of the actor and the audience. Thus their plans are full of diversity. In actual performance, they assume the three viewpoints simultaneously. Owing to this, they perform as they planned, and convey their intentions adequately to the audience. And they evaluate not only superficial aspects of their performances, such as voice, facial expressions, and so on, but also non-superficial aspects, such as atmosphere, from the viewpoint of the audience. Finally, implications to other fields are discussed.