3歳児における他者の意図と信念の理解 : 行為誤信念と背景誤信念からの検討

Abstract

This study investigated children's understanding of others' false-beliefs and intentions by using Moses's (1993) action-beliefs and background-beliefs paradigms. The main object was to examine whether 40 three-year-olds could understand others' false-beliefs and intentions in the highly supported intentional contexts by letting them observe a protagonist's great surprise and sadness reaction to his unfulfilled intention. Results show that children are able to understand action-beliefs significantly better than background-beliefs and standard false-beliefs, though it is not clear whether or not they can understand background-beliefs. In conclusion that although 3-year-olds may not have yet developed a full-fledged understanding of others' false-beliefs, their performance in such tasks can be improved if they are repeatedly reminded of others' intentions and action-beliefs. It seems that proving them